present indefinite tense

Present Indefinite Tense, āĻ¯āĻž Present Simple Tense āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ“ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤, āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŽā§ŒāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻĻā§ˆāĻ¨āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸, āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻœāĻ¨ā§€āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ˜āĻŸā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ†āĻ˛ā§‹āĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹:

āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž:

Present Indefinite Tense-āĻāĻ° āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨:

  1. āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ Subject (āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž) Singular Third Person (he, she, it āĻŦāĻž āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ Singular Noun) āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ ‘s’ āĻŦāĻž ‘es’ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤

    • He reads a book.
    • She goes to school.
  2. āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ Subject (āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž) I, You, We, They āĻŦāĻž Plural Noun āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
    • I read a book.
    • They go to school.

āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ—āĻ āĻ¨:

  1. āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯: (Negative Sentences)

    • Singular Third Person: Subject + does not + Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ + Object
      • He does not read a book.
    • āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡: Subject + do not + Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ + Object
      • I do not read a book.
      • They do not go to school.
  2. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯: (Interrogative Sentences)
    • Singular Third Person: Does + Subject + Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ + Object?
      • Does he read a book?
    • āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡: Do + Subject + Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ + Object?
      • Do you read a book?
      • Do they go to school?

āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ°:

  1. āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļā§‡:

    • The sun rises in the east.
    • Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
  2. āĻ¨āĻŋā§ŸāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻ—āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ:

    • She walks to school every day.
    • They play football on weekends.
  3. āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āĻ˜āĻŽā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ/āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ:

    • He works at a bank.
    • They live in New York.
  4. āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¸ā§‚āĻšāĻŋ:
    • The train leaves at 6 PM.
    • The meeting starts at 10 AM.

āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ:

  1. I eat breakfast at 8 AM every day.
  2. Birds fly in the sky.
  3. The shop opens at 9 AM.
  4. She does not like spicy food.
  5. Do you play the guitar?

āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ¨ā§‹āĻŸ:

  • āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ ‘s’ āĻŦāĻž ‘es’ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ Subject singular third person āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
  • āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ ‘y’ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ā§‡ consonant āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ ‘y’ āĻŽā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ ‘ies’ āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ— āĻšāĻŦā§‡, āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨, ‘cry’ -> ‘cries.’

Present Indefinite Tense āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ‡āĻ‚āĻ°ā§‡āĻœā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻ¸āĻšāĻœāĨ¤ āĻāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŸā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤

āĻ­āĻžāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻ›ā§‹āĻŸ āĻ›ā§‹āĻŸ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ‡ āĻŸā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ°ā§āĻšāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§Ÿā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻž āĻŦā§ƒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤

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